What is Hyaline Fibromatosis Syndrome?

What is
Hyaline Fibromatosis

Syndrome?

Valentina’s body produces a clear, protein-like material that it cannot clear away. It builds up under her skin and around her joints. And it does not stop.

One Gene

Hyaline Fibromatosis Syndrome, or HFS, is caused by a change in a single gene called ANTXR2.

That gene has one job the body relies on. When it doesn’t work properly, a clear substance called hyaline collects in the connective tissue throughout the body instead of being cleared away. Over time it keeps building.

Between every cell in the body there's a kind of natural packing material that holds everything in place. In Hyaline Fibromatosis Syndrome, the body produces far too much of one part of that material, called hyaline, and can't break it back down. Over time it builds up: causing nodules under the skin, swelling the gums, stiffening the joints, and collecting in the organs, including the gut. Because this packing material exists everywhere in the body, the condition can affect almost any part of it.

What it Does

Contractures.
The joints stiffen and lock. In Valentina’s words from her parents:
Fragile bones
Bone abnormalities make breaks happen easily. Valentina has already broken her leg.
Nodules
Lumps form under the skin, typically on the face, neck and ears.

“They can grow to the size of golf balls, and even bigger.”
Overgrown gums.
“Just brushing Valentina’s teeth, or her eating something that isn’t puree, causes her gums to bleed uncontrollably.”
Pain.
Severe, and constant.

Why Time Matters

HFS is progressive, meaning its symptoms can worsen over time. Valentina has already begun to experience further complications.

Among the most serious are those that can affect the body’s ability to absorb essential nutrients. For Valentina and her family, waiting is not an option.

In Domenico & Sara's words:
“This isn’t just about quality of life. This is a matter of life and death.”

Why No One Has Treated it

Fewer than a hundred cases of HFS have ever been described in the medical literature.

That is precisely why no treatment exists. There has never been a commercial reason for a pharmaceutical company to develop one. The condition is too rare to be worth their while.

So children like Valentina fall through
every gap.

That’s what Valentina’s Village exists
to change.
Fewer than a hundred cases of HFS have ever been described in the medical literature.

That is precisely why no treatment exists. There has never been a commercial reason for a pharmaceutical company to develop one. The condition is too rare to be worth their while.

So children like Valentina fall through every gap.

That’s what Valentina’s Village exists to change.

Words You Might Come Across

Term
What it means
ANTXR2
Hyaline
Contracture
Protein losing enteropathy
ASO
Ultra-rare
The gene that causes HFS when it doesn’t work properly.
The clear, protein-like material that builds up in the body.
A joint that has stiffened and can no longer move through its full range.
A gut condition where the body cannot absorb nutrients from food.
A short, made-to-measure strand of genetic material used as a treatment.
A condition affecting a very small number of people worldwide.
HFS has fewer than 100 described cases.

The gene that causes HFS when it doesn’t work properly.

The clear, protein-like material that builds up in the body.

A joint that has stiffened and can no longer move through its full range.

A gut condition where the body cannot absorb nutrients from food.

A short, made-to-measure strand of genetic material used as a treatment.

A condition affecting a very small number of people worldwide. HFS has fewer than 100 described cases.

Valentina's Village Ltd is a registered charity with the Australian Charities and Not-for-profits Commission (ACNC).
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